Arrangement at ventilation installations in rooms with high air comfort requirements

ABSTRACT

An arrangement at ventilation installations with high air comfort requirements including a supply of large fresh air quantities without draught and a removal of exhaust air at an outer wall of a room with a window, said wall being equipped with at least two spaces formed by planeparallel plates, the space located farthest away from the room forming an exhaust air passageway to the room, and the other space located closest to the room interior being provided with a duct for the supply of fresh air adjacent the ceiling and at its lower part being in direct connection with the interior for introducing room air, and with an air diffuser with a damper means between said inlets for the introduction of supply air to the room in a proportion of fresh air and co-ejected room air which is balanced by said damper means.

United States Patet [191 Ahlberg ARRANGEMENT AT VENTILATION INSTALLATIONS IN ROOMS WITH HIGH AIR COMFORT REQUIREMENTS [75] Inventor: Armand Ahlberg, Taby, Sweden [73] Assignee: Aktie bolaget Svenska Flaktfabriken,

Nacka, Sweden [22] Filed: July 14, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 162,419 [30] Foreign Application Priority Data FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 53,528 8/1911 Switzerland ..98/33 R Primary Examiner-William J. Wye Att0rney-Howson & Howson [5 7 ABSTRACT An arrangement at ventilation installations with high air comfort requirements including a supply of large fresh air quantities without draught and a removal of exhaust air at an outer wall of a room with a window, said wall being equipped with at least two spaces formed by planeparallel plates, the space located farthest away from the room forming an exhaust air passageway to the room, and the other space located closest to the room interior being provided with a duct for the supply of fresh air adjacent the ceiling and at its lower part being in direct connection with the interior for introducing room air, and with an air diffuser with a damper means between said inlets for the introduction of supply air to the room in a proportion of fresh air and co-ejected room air which is balanced by said damper means.

5 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure PATENTEUAPR 101915 Y 3, 726.202

IN VEN TOR.

ARRANGEMENT AT VENTlLATlON INSTALLATIONS IN OOMS WETH HIGH AIR COMFORT REQUEREMENTS The invention relates to an arrangement at ventilation installations in apartment, office and similar rooms with high requirements on air comfort, including the supply of large fresh air quantities without causing appreciable draught and the removal of exhaust air from the room at an outer wall comprising a window.

The ventilation of rooms provided with windows by means of conventional ventilation arrangements without giving rise to unpleasant draught, has involved in many cases a problem difficult to solve. The reason for this is that the dependency of the temperature gradient on air streams resulting from the outside temperature of the window surfaces gives rise to air streams of altematingly upward and downward direction. These air streams heretofore have decided the location and design of devices for supply air and exhaust air, in as much as it was tried to limit by the ventilation air the breadth of air streams caused by the difference in surface temperature on the inside of the window panes and radiators or the like below the windows. The known state of art can be regarded being represented by the Swedish patent specification 302,193 (German D.A.S 1,251,494), which proposesthe use of a special type of exhaust air window. This window in principle comprises an exhaust air screen, for example of glass, which is placed inside of the window surface and, by air caused to pass between the window pane and the screen, reduces the temperature difference between the screen and the room air. This, consequently, also reduces the air streams caused by said temperature difi'erence. The aforesaid construction has rendered it possible to place and design devices adapted for ventilating the room with conditioned air without paying regard to windows.

The present invention is directed to a further development of the ventilation principle now widely known through the above Swedish patent specification. The arrangement according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least two spaces formed by planeparallel plates, the space located farthest away from the room interior forming an exhaust air passageway in direct and free connection with the room, which passageway adjacent the ceiling of the room is connected with a fan or similar exhaust means by a duct extending transverse through the remaining spaces of the arrangement, the space located closest to the room interior being provided with a duct for the supply of fresh air adjacent the ceiling of the room and at its lower part being in direct connection with the room interior for introducing room air, and that between these inlets is provided a grid or an air diffusor with a damper means for introducing supply air to the room in a proportion of fresh air and co-ejected room air which is balanced by said damper means.

An expedient embodiment of the aforesaid arrangement, which comprises two parallel spaces formed by two plane-parallel plates, is characterized in that the central plate located between the two outer plates is movable in parallel to increase and, respectively, reduce the width of the parallel spaces. At another suitable embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, the space located closest to the room is adapted to receive a conditioning element between the fresh air supply duct and the damper means, which conditioning element, for example is arranged for the final heating or final cooling of the fresh air supplied through the upper part of the space. In a preferred embodiment of the arrangement, said arrangement is mounted in a recess above the window, and of that space in said arrangement located toward the room interior the plate facing the room is adapted to support at the lower edge of its extension a screen, which is permeable to light but not to air.

The invention is described in greater detail in the following, with reference to an exemplifying embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention. The accompanying drawing shows a cross-section of an arrangement according to the invention mounted in a wall recess above a window in the room.

The arrangement comprises three sound insulating plates 12, 13, 14 mounted adjacent the ceiling 5 of the room 3 and forming between themselves the spaces 1 and 2. The space I is located farthest away from the room interior and acts as an exhaust air duct in direct and free connection with the room. This space 1, adjacent the ceiling 5, is connected to a fan or similar exhaust unit (not shown), here designated by 7. Said connection is effected by a duct 6 extending transversely through the second space 2 of the arrangement. Said latter space in its turn is connected to a corresponding duct 8 for the supply of fresh air, according to the demand of conditioned outside-air, from a conditioning unit (not shown), for example of the construction disclosed in applicants patent specification of Lennart Astrom filed May 24, 197i (pat.appln. Ser. No. 146,200). Both said ducts preferably may be placed in the space between the ceiling 5 proper and a separately mounted sub-ceiling 50. ll designates a grid or an air diffuser with a damper means 10 of known construction. In the embodiment shown, the damper means is a conical body with softly rounded side surfaces. The damper means is movable as indicated by the doubleheaded arrows and thereby renders possible a definite balance proportion of fresh air and co-ejected room air which is taken in through the opening 9. The effect of the damper means is increased still more due to that according to an expedient embodiment the central plate 13 is movable as indicated by the arrows 19. A conditioning element, as indicated by dashed lines at E5, may be provided for a possible final heating or final cooling of the fresh air supplied through the upper part 2a of the space 2. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the plate l4 located at the interior of the room 3 is provided at its lower edge 14a with an extension in the form of a screen permeable to light but not to air. The screen is indicated in the drawing by dashed lines and designated by 18. It may, for example, be of the kind which includes heat-absorbing means.

The arrangement according to the invention provides the substantial advantage of reducing by co-ejection of room air the demand of exhaust air flow, so that the resulting remaining supply air may be utilized as excess air for side rooms and/or for maintaining in the room a certain overpressure. The working principle of the arrangement when being applied together with a socalled exhaust air screen shows as one result the ensurance of a large air flow, which is required to prevent condensation risk which otherwise may arise at conventional ventilation installations of this kind. The shown and described location of the exhaust air openings, furthermore, brings about a certain air Stratification behind the exhaust air screen, in such a way, that the coldest air layer (=winter case) and, respectively the warmest air layer (=summer case) is exhausted through the space 3 located closest to the outer wall and the window portion proper. Due to the possibility of moving the central plate 13 and adjusting the damper means 10, as indicated by the doubleheaded arrows, the pressure drop above the arrangement can be set for supply air as well as exhaust air. The novel and improved arrangement according to the invention, thus, provides the possibility of better solving the ventilation problem than by the hitherto used more primitive solutions.

What i claim is:

1. An arrangement in ventilation installations in apartment, office and similar rooms with high air comfort requirements, including a need for the supply of large fresh air quantities without causing appreciable draught and the removal of exhaust air from the room at an outer wall adjacent a window, characterized in that the installation comprises at least two spaces in said wall formed by planeparallel plates, the first of said spaces being located farthest away from the room interior and forming an exhaust air passageway having one end in direct and free connection with the room adjacent said window and the other end adjacent the ceiling of the room connected with exhaust means extending through the remaining space of the arrangement, the second space being located closest to the room interior and being connected to a supply of fresh air adjacent the ceiling of the room and at its lower part being in direct connection with the room interior, said second space having between said connections an air diffuser equipped with a damper means for the introduction of air to the room in a proportion of fresh air from said supply and co-ejected room air from said connection with the room interior, said proportion being determined by said damper means.

2. An arrangement according to claim 1 wherein three plane parallel plates form said two spaces, characterized in that the central plate located between the two outer plates is adapted to be moved in parallel for increasing and reducing the width of said two spaces, respectively.

3. An arrangement according to claim 1 including in the space located closest to the room, between the supply of fresh air and the damper means, a conditioning element for the fresh air supplied through the upper part of the space.

4. An arrangement according to claim 1 wherein said plates are mounted in a recess above the window in the outer wall, the plate facing the room at its lower edge supporting a screen permeable to light but not to air, suspended in front of said window whereby the room air entering the two spaces at their lower ends sweeps across said window.

5. An arrangement according to claim 1 wherein said damper means is adjustable to vary the proportion of fresh air and co-ejected room air. 

1. An arrangement in ventilation installations in apartment, office and similar rooms with high air comfort requirements, including a need for the supply of large fresh air quantities without causing appreciable draught and the removal of exhaust air from the room at an outer wall adjacent a window, characterized in that the installation comprises at least two spaces in said wall formed by planeparallel plates, the first of said spaces being located farthest away from the room interior and forming an exhaust air passageway having one end in direct and free connection with the room adjacent said window and the other end adjacent the ceiling of the room connected with exhaust means extending through the remaining space of the arrangement, the second space being located closest to the room interior and being connected to a supply of fresh air adjacent the ceiling of the room and at its lower part being in direct connection with the room interior, said second space having between said connections an air diffuser equipped with a damper means for the introduction of air to the room in a proportion of fresh air from said supply and co-ejected room air from said connection with the room interior, said proportion being determined by said damper means.
 2. An arrangement according to claim 1 wherein three plane parallel plates form said two spaces, characterized in that the central plate located between the two outer plates is adapted to be moved in parallel for increasing and reducing the width of said two spaces, respectively.
 3. An arrangement according to claim 1 including in the space located closest to the room, between the supply of fresh air and the damper means, a conditioning element for the fresh air supplied through the upper part of the space.
 4. An arrangement according to claim 1 wherein said plates are mounted in a recess above the window in the outer wall, the plate facing the room at its lower edge supporting a screen permeable to light but not to air, suspended in front of said window whereby the room air entering the two spaces at their lower ends sweeps across said window.
 5. An arrangement according to claim 1 wherein said damper means is adjustable to vary the proportion of fresh air and co-ejected room air. 